A Path to Peace: UN Urges Open Dialogue and De-escalation in Western Sahara
In a world often marred by conflict, the pursuit of peace remains a paramount goal. The disputed territory of Western Sahara, a source of tension for decades, stands as a testament to this enduring pursuit. Recently, UN Secretary-General António Guterres reiterated the UN’s commitment to facilitating a peaceful resolution in the region, urging all parties involved to embrace dialogue and de-escalation.
Guterres, in a report presented to the General Assembly, called for an “open mind” and a rejection of preconditions. He emphasized the importance of seizing the opportunity presented by the ongoing efforts of his Personal Envoy, Staffan de Mistura. These efforts, however, hinge on the unwavering commitment of all parties involved and the steadfast support of the international community.
The report highlighted a critical need to reinstate the ceasefire agreement, broken nearly four years ago by the Polisario Front, a Sahrawi liberation movement. Underscoring the urgency of the situation, the report cited a MINURSO (United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara) investigation. The investigation confirmed that on October 29, 2023, explosive rockets fired from the east (Algerian territory) struck a civilian area in Smara, tragically killing one person and injuring three others.
Despite the challenges, Guterres remains optimistic about the potential for a just, lasting, and mutually acceptable solution. His report detailed the series of consultations held with Morocco, the Polisario Front, Algeria, Mauritania, members of the Security Council, the Group of Friends of Western Sahara, and other stakeholders. These consultations, aimed at constructively advancing the political process, have reinforced Guterres’ belief in a peaceful resolution.
The most recent Security Council resolution on Western Sahara, Resolution 2703 adopted on October 30, 2023, clearly outlines the responsibilities of all parties involved. It emphasizes the need for a collaborative approach to finding a definitive solution to the regional dispute, with Algeria playing a key role. The resolution reaffirms the roundtable format as the sole framework for the UN political process, particularly with Algeria’s participation as a directly concerned party.
Furthermore, Resolution 2703 reiterates the Security Council’s support for the Moroccan Autonomy Plan, presented in 2007. This plan, considered a serious and credible basis for ending the regional dispute, aligns with previous Security Council resolutions. Conversely, the resolution cautions the Polisario Front against violations and restrictions imposed on the freedom of movement of MINURSO. It also reiterates the call for Algeria to allow a census of the population in the Tindouf camps.
The path to peace in Western Sahara requires a commitment to dialogue, a willingness to compromise, and a shared vision for a brighter future. The international community, with the UN at the forefront, remains dedicated to supporting the parties in their pursuit of a peaceful and sustainable resolution.
